Diagnostic criteria for 290.4x Vascular Dementia
(cautionary statement)
A. The development of multiple cognitive deficits manifested by both
(1) memory
impairment (impaired ability to learn new information or to recall previously learned information)
(2) one (or more) of the following cognitive disturbances:
(a) aphasia (language disturbance)
(b) apraxia (impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function)
(c) agnosia (failure to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory function)
(d) disturbance in executive functioning (i.e., planning, organizing, sequencing, abstracting)
B. The cognitive deficits in Criteria A1 and A2 each cause significant impairment in social or occupational functioning and represent a significant decline from a previous level of functioning.
C. Focal neurological signs and symptoms
(e.g., exaggeration of deep tendon reflexes, extensor plantar response, pseudobulbar palsy, gait abnormalities, weakness of an extremity) or laboratory evidence indicative of cerebrovascular disease (e.g., multiple infarctions involving cortex and underlying white matter) that are judged to be
etiologically related to the disturbance.
D. The deficits do not occur exclusively during the course of a Delirium.
Code based on predominant features:
290.41 With Delirium: if delirium is superimposed on the dementia
290.42 With Delusions: if delusions are the predominant feature
290.43 With Depressed Mood: if depressed mood (including presentations that meet full symptom criteria for a
Major Depressive Episode) is the predominant feature. A separate diagnosis of
Mood Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition is not given.
290.40 Uncomplicated: if none of the above predominates in the current clinical presentation
Specify if:
With Behavioral Disturbance
Coding note: Also code cerebrovascular condition on Axis III.
Reprinted with permission from the Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth Edition. Copyright 1994 American
Psychiatric Association
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